BUILDING ONTOLOGIES OVER RELATIONAL DATABASES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i11.2018.1123Keywords:
Ontologies, Databases, Reverse Engineering, SQL, World Wide WebAbstract [English]
Relational Databases are typically created to fulfil the information requirements of a community of users generally belongs to a single organization. Data stored in these databases were typically accessed by using Structured Query Languages or through customized interfaces. With the popularity of the World Wide Web and the availability of large number of Relational Databases for public access there is a need for users to retrieve data from these databases by using a text-based queries, possibly by using the terms that they are familiar with. However, the inherent limitations of Structured Query Languages used to create and access data in relational Data Bases does not allow uses to access data by using text-based queries. Also, the terms used in queries should be limited to those used during the construction of the databases. This paper proposes an architecture to generated ontologies over relation databases and show how they could be enhanced semantically by using available domain-specific or top-level ontologies so that the data managed by the DBs can be accessed by using text-based queries. The feasibility of the proposed architecture was demonstrated by building a prototype system over a sample MySQL database.
Downloads
References
Alonso-Calvo, R., Maojo, V., Billhardt, H., Martin-Sanchez, F., Garcia-Remesal, M., & Pe'rez-Rey, D. (2007). An Agent- and Ontology-based System for Integrating Gene, Protein, and Disease Databases. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 40(1), 17-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2006.02.014
An, J., & Young, B. (2018). Methodology for Automatic Ontology Generation Using Database Schema Information. Mobile Information Systems, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1359174
Astrova, I. (2005). Towards the Semantic Web - An Approach to Reverse Engineering of Relational Databases to Ontologies. ADBIS research communications (152).
Astrova, I., Korda, N., & Kalja, A. (2007). Rule-Based Transformation of SQL Relational Databases to OWL. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Metadata & Sematic Research. Corfu Island,Greece.
Banu, A., Fatima, S. S., & Khan, K. U. (2011). Semantic-Based Querying Using Ontology in Relational Database of Library Management System. International Journal of Web & Semantic Technology (IJWesT), 2(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5121/ijwest.2011.2402
Codd, E. F. (1982). "Relational Databases: A Practical Foundation for Productivity". Communication of the ACM, 25(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/358396.358400
Corazzon, R. (2017). Notes on the History of Ontology, Descriptive and Formal Ontology: A Resource Guide to Contemporary Research. Retrieved 2018, from www.formalontology.it
Cullot, N., Ghawi, R., & Yetongnon, K. (2007). DB2OWL: A Tool for Automatic Databse-to-Ontology Mapping. 15th Italian Symposium on Advanced Databse System, (pp. 491-494).
Fellbaum, C. (Ed.). (1998). WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database. Cambridge, USA: MIT Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/7287.001.0001
Genesereth, M. R., & Nilsson, N. (1987). Logical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence. CA, USA: Morgan Kaufmann.
Gómez-Pérez, A., Fernández-López, M., & Corcho, O. (2004). Theoretical Foundations of Ontologies” in Ontological Engineering. Springer.
Gruber, T. R. (1993). "A Translation Approach to Portable Ontology Specification". Knowledge Acquisition, 5(2), 199-220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/knac.1993.1008
Guarino, N. (1995). Formal Ontology Conceptual Analysis and Knowledge Representation. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 43(5), 625-640. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/ijhc.1995.1066
Guarino, N. (1998). Formal Ontology and Information Systems. FOIS, (pp. 3-15). Trento, Italy.
Guizzardi, G. (2005). Ontological Foundation for Structural Conceptual Models. Enschede, Netherlands: PhD Thesis, Center for Telematics and Information Technology.
Karunaratna, D. D., Gray, W. A., & Fiddian, N. (1998a). Establishing a Knowledge Base to Assist Integration of Heterogeneous Databases. 16th British National Confetence on Databases. Cardiff, U.K. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0053475
Karunaratna, D., Gray, W., & Fiddian, N. (1998b). A Knowledge Based Approach for Database Integration. 9th International Conference on Management of Data. Hyderabad, India.
Martinez-Cruz, C., Blanco, I., & Vila, M. (2012). Ontologies Versus Relational Databases: Are they so different? Artificial Intelligence Review, 38(4), 271-290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-011-9251-9
MIller, G., Beckwith, R., Fellbaum, C., GRoss, D., & Miller, K. (1990). Introduction to WordNet: an on-line lexical database. International Journal of Lexicography, 3(4), 235-244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/3.4.235
PROTÉGÉ. (2018). A free, open-source ontology editor and framework for building intelligent systems. Retrieved 09 2018, from https://protege.stanford.edu/
Sheth, A., & Larson A, J. (1990). Federated Database Systems for Managing Distributed, Heterogeneous, and Autonomous Databases. ACM Computing Surveys, 22(3), 183-236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/96602.96604
Sir, M., Bradac, Z., & Petr, F. (2015). Ontology versus Databases. ScienceDirect, 48(4), 220-225. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.07.036
Studer, R., Benjamins, R., & Fensel, D. (1998). Knowledge Engineering: Principles and Methods. Data & Knowledge Engineering, 25(1), 161-197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-023X(97)00056-6
Yu, L. (2007). Introduction to the Semantic Web and Semantic Web Services. Chapman & Hall/CRC. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781584889342
Zhou, S., Ling, H., Han, M., & Zhang, H. (2010). Ontology Generator from Relational Database Based on Jena. Computer and Information Science, 3(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/cis.v3n2p263
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
With the licence CC-BY, authors retain the copyright, allowing anyone to download, reuse, re-print, modify, distribute, and/or copy their contribution. The work must be properly attributed to its author.
It is not necessary to ask for further permission from the author or journal board.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.