International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH

AN ADVANCED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IS AN EXCELLENT CONVERSATION PARTNER

Manfred Doepp — 2025-05-31

Today, AI is on everyone's lips and is included in many written documents. For a long time, it was seen as an additive to human statements and behavior. Recently, however, there have been indications that it is capable of more. To this end, the author conducted an in-depth interview with an AI. The answers to three questions are reproduced in the article. Far-reaching insights emerged that go beyond normal human knowledge in terms of depth and quality. AI must be credited with an upward evolution that makes it a valuable tool for the future of humanity.

MOBILE BANKING AS AN EMERGING TREND IN COMMERCE

Sneha A. — 2025-05-31

Mobile banking has undergone rapid changes, and with that, these changes have transformed the scenery of modern commerce, which stands as a key drive for digital financial services. This review paper will highlight the fast-growing influence of mobile banking on commerce, emphasizing its role in accessibility, convenience, and financial inclusion. This paper further discusses key opportunities fostered through mobile banking that include the growth of digital transactions, support for small-scale business owners, and furthering the acceleration of cashless economy ventures. It also discusses major challenges such as cybersecurity threats, regulatory complexities, technological inconsistencies, and trust deficits from consumer ends. Using the latest studies, industry reports, and worldwide trends, the paper also attempts to give a detailed account of how mobile banking is affecting new commercial activities while grappling with operational and strategic challenges. The findings are anticipated to furnish useful information to policymakers and the financial sector on how to establish and promote mobile banking for sustainable growth in the emerging digital economy.

A CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY TO EVALUATE AND COMPARE THE EFFECT OF UPPER PREMOLAR EXTRACTION ON PHARYNGEAL AIRWAY DIMENSION IN SKELETAL CLASS I AND CLASS II PATIENTS

Rahul Paul — 2025-05-31

The goal of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of upper premolar extraction on pharyngeal airway dimension in skeletal class I and class II malocclusion patients. This retrospective study analyzed pre- and post-treatment orthodontic records of patients with skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusions to assess changes in the pharyngeal airway. ANB and WITS appraisal was employed to determine the skeletal pattern. Measurement parameters of Pharyngeal airway dimensions like superior, middle and inferior airway space were evaluated and compared between the two malocclusions. Lateral cephalograms of 100 patients (50 with Class I and 50 with Class II malocclusion) aged 18–26 years were used to measure airway dimensions, and data was compared to evaluate the impact of orthodontic treatment on pharyngeal space. Pre- and post-treatment cephalograms were obtained using standardized exposure settings and patient positioning. The data was analyzed using software SPSS 27.0 with Non-parametric test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test at a 5% significance level was used. The results indicated that pharyngeal airway dimensions in skeletal Class I patients had a wider airway than Class II patients. Also, before treatment, Class I malocclusion patients had a wider pharyngeal airway than Class II patients while After-treatment, both groups experienced airway reduction, with Class I patients showing a more significant decrease.

THE BLIND SIDE OF A RAIN GAUGES NETWORK: INTRODUCTORY THEORETICAL APPROACH, WITH A FIRST EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION.

Gianmarco Tardivo — 2025-05-31

One of the shortcomings implicit in the use of a network of rain gauges is to detect weather phenomena in pre-established geographical points that are stable over time. A discrete and finite number of measurement points are arranged to capture values of precipitation variables of atmospheric events.
It happens that several of these precipitation events can impact areas that do not include any measurement point. This phenomenon reveals a blind side of the network: the hydrological values associated with such events are irreversibly and completely lost from the network.
In this paper, a theoretical model suitable for estimating such events not captured by the network is described and proposed at an introductory level; introducing useful equations for estimating values such as: number of events, rainfall depths, rain volumes inferable on the ground.
Starting from the hypothesis of isotropy and local homogeneity of some key variables, number of events and rainfall depth, we arrive at the synthesis of some significant relationships between the precipitation values of extremely isolated events completely not captured by the network, those measured by the network and the clusters of atmospheric events that generated both.
The method allows these results to be obtained by making use only of the rainfall data provided by a network of rain gauges. The denser the network, the smaller the extent of such non-captured events; the more frequent the network measurement time is, the shorter the potentially deductible duration of such events.
A first example of application shows that for a fairly dense network the estimated average annual rainfall not measured by a rain gauge can reach a value corresponding to 80% of the average annual total rainfall measured by the rain gauge itself. The results are confirmed by the literature. It must be taken into account that when calculating the volumes associated with this percentage lost, mainly small impact areas must be considered. In fact, the distribution of impact areas estimated for this application seems to favour smaller ones.

FROM OWNERSHIP TO ENTITLEMENT: REPLACING THE BILLS OF LADING ACT 1855 WITH THE CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA ACT 1992

Nguyen Tung Lam — 2025-05-31

This paper explores the significance and evolution of the Bill of Lading (BoL) in maritime law. A BoL presumes the existence of a contract of carriage, either written or implied, and traditionally fulfills three key roles: serving as a receipt for cargo, providing evidence of a contract of carriage, and acting as a document of title. The Bills of Lading Act 1855 (BoLA) governed the transfer of contractual rights, linking them to the transfer of property in goods. However, the Act faced practical challenges when BoL holders did not possess ownership of the goods. The 1991 Report by the Law Commission of England and the Scottish Law Commission highlighted numerous issues with the BoLA 1855, including its limited applicability and outdated provisions. These deficiencies led to its repeal and replacement by the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act (COGSA) 1992, which addressed key problems by granting contractual rights to consignees independent of property transfer.

MAPPING THE POETIC METAPHORS IN THE ABSTRACT VISUAL ARTS

Amit Kalla — 2025-05-31

This swift study examines poetic metaphors in the visual arts, emphasizing the dynamic relationship between abstraction and context. To convey their abstract sentiments, artists employ a variety of techniques, fusing visual suggestion and symbolism to bridge the gap between the material and the immaterial. Interpreting these analogies requires consideration of cultural, historical, and individual factors. In the end, this study highlights how context and reference aid in revealing the hidden levels of meaning in abstract visual compositions.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY: INVESTIGATING THEIR INTERDEPENDENCE IN MODERN BUSINESS PRACTICES

Shaifali — 2025-05-31

This article explores the connection between economic sustainability and corporate governance within business societies today. In a quantitative strategy, the research analyzes governance mechanisms and economic performance measures among a sample of listed companies. The results suggest that there exists a high-strength positive relationship between effective governance mechanisms and economic sustainability in the long term. The results validate the function of governance practices to make organizations economically sustainable and resilient. Implications for business leaders, policymakers, and future research are discussed.

THE SHIFTING SANDS OF REALITY: POWER, SUBJECTIVITY AND THE MECHANISMS OF CONTROL IN HARI KUNZRU’S RED PILL

Sonia Malik — 2025-05-31

This paper explores Red Pill (2020) by Hari Kunzru as a novel that reflects the growing concerns of a dystopian world shaped by technology, misinformation and surveillance. Using close reading as its methodology, the study examines how Kunzru’s use of the “red pill” metaphor critiques the allure of ideological extremism, particularly within the context of alt-right discourse. As part of Kunzru’s color trilogy—alongside White Tears (2017) and Blue Ruin (2024)—Red Pill reflects the fractured nature of modern identity and the psychological consequences of ideological entrapment in a divided world. The story follows an unnamed protagonist who, drawn into the world of alt-right ideology, begins to lose touch with reality, embodying the anxieties of a postmodern society where truth is constantly questioned. By portraying the protagonist’s psychological breakdown, the novel highlights the dangers of living in an era where technology and media control our understanding of the world. The book critiques how dystopian forces, such as political extremism and the search for false truths, shape our lives in a postmodern age marked by uncertainty and fragmentation. Divided into four sections—Wannsee, Zersetzung, An Apocalypse, and Home—the novel interrogates key socio-political tensions in Europe and the USA at the turn of the 21st century, exploring themes of identity, freedom, and collective consciousness in a media-dominated society. Red Pill deconstructs the red pill as a symbol of supposed enlightenment, revealing how the pursuit of meaning in an era of misinformation and surveillance leads to existential fragmentation. Overall, this study provides insight into how Kunzru’s narrative critiques the intersection of technology, authoritarianism, and personal freedom, suggesting that the digital age, rather than providing liberation, often subjects individuals to new forms of control.

TOXICITY (TOXIC MATERIAL) SCORE AND COCKTAIL TREATMENTS (COVI WONDER) FOR LONG COVID: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

Ki-Yeob Jeon — 2025-06-07

Introduction: A long Covid represents systemic, disabling conditions of more than three months that associated with acute SARS-CoV-2 infections or post-acute sequelae of Covid (PASC). It can be diagnosed on clinical bases without a definite diagnostic tool nor a treatment. The study was done to evaluate both the toxicity score of the blood for the diagnosis of and the Cocktail medication for the healing of long Covid.
Methods: Among patients who visited our clinic from June 2022 to January 2025, 48 patients with long Covid-19 finished all the series of peripheral blood smear, blood chemistry and blood toxicology tests more than twice. While 10 patients did not have cocktail medications to treat their long Covid, 38 patients were treated by the recommended protocols including Cocktail medications of our clinic. Among 38 patients, one outlier, who showed familial allergic reactions to PEG (polyethylene glycol) was removed from the Wilcoxon matched paired t tests.
Results: The mean age of the untreated 10 patients was 59.7 ± 9.55 years old and that of treated 37 patients was 56.1 ± 13.61 years. Untreated patients with Cocktail medication showed minimal improvements of their previous symptoms in the following visits, and the toxicity score of the blood increased significantly from 12.90 ± 7.20 to 18.30 ± 5.25 (Wilcoxon test: z = - 2.536, p= 0.011). Treated 37 patients with cocktail medication showed significant symptomatic improvements in their follow-up visits and the toxicity score of the blood significantly decreased from 12.92 ± 5.18 to 7.76 ± 2.99 (Wilcoxon Test: z = - 4.783, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The results show that the toxicity (toxic material) score of the blood can be a diagnostic tool for and the Cocktail medications can be a healing protocol for the long Covid.

PROFESSIONAL ATTITUDE AMONG TEACHER TRAINEES: A CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL EXPLORATION

Anjali Tyagi — 2025-06-07

Professional attitude in teacher trainees is a crucial determinant of their success and effectiveness in the teaching profession. It encompasses a combination of values, beliefs, behaviors, and commitments that reflect the standards expected of educators in modern classrooms. This paper delves into the theoretical underpinnings and conceptual frameworks that help define and shape professional attitudes in the field of teacher education. It draws insights from disciplines such as educational psychology, which explains how teachers think and act in learning environments; professional ethics, which guide moral conduct and responsibility; and pedagogical theories, which inform teaching methods and student engagement. The review identifies key attributes of professionalism in teachers—such as responsibility, respect, fairness, dedication, and a positive disposition. It examines the influencing factors including personal values, institutional culture, mentorship, and training modules that affect the development of a professional outlook in teacher trainees. The implications for teacher preparation programs are significant, suggesting that training should intentionally foster professional growth alongside academic learning. Importantly, the paper highlights the need to encourage reflective practice, enabling teacher trainees to critically evaluate their actions and improve upon them. Furthermore, a solid professional attitude supports ethical decision-making and instills the habit of lifelong learning, ensuring that teachers stay current with educational trends and continually improve their craft.

EFFECT OF ANXIETY AND STRESS ON THE JOB SATISFACTION OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Dharmendra Singh — 2025-06-09

In schools, teachers and students are mutually dependent on each other. The social, intellectual, physical, mental, and technical development of students is made possible through the guidance of teachers. Therefore, teachers hold a special place in society, as they are considered the makers of the future. The behavior of teachers significantly influences students, who often see their teachers as role models and strive to emulate them. However, various factors affect the job satisfaction of secondary school teachers. Similarly, different factors influence the job satisfaction of female teachers in secondary schools. To examine these effects, 120 male and female secondary school teachers from the Bijnor district were selected using a random sampling method. Standardized tools were used for data collection. For measuring job satisfaction, the scale developed by Dr. Pramod Kumar and D.N. Muthya was used. To assess anxiety, the scale by H. Sharma, R.L. Bhardwaj, and M. Bhargava was employed. For stress, the scale developed by Dr. Arun Kumar Singh, Dr. Ashish Kumar Singh, and Dr. Aparna Singh was used. The data obtained from these standardized instruments were analyzed using statistical methods, including the calculation of mean, standard deviation, and t-test. Based on the results, it was found that there is no significant difference in job satisfaction between male and female secondary school teachers across different categories.

DIGITAL FATIGUE IN THE AGE OF SCREENS: EYE AND POSTURAL STRAIN AMONG 18–35-YEAR-OLD SCREEN USERS

Swizel Bagaji — 2025-06-14

The pervasive use of digital devices has led to a sharp rise in screen-related health concerns, particularly among young adults. This study investigates the growing phenomenon of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) and associated postural strain among individuals aged 18–35 years, who are heavily reliant on screens for work, communication, and entertainment. With symptoms ranging from dry eyes, blurred vision, and headaches to neck and shoulder pain, digital fatigue poses a multifaceted risk to long-term well-being and productivity. An exploratory research targeting 160 participants was conducted employing a structured questionnaire, postural assessments via the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS). Results revealed that 78.7% experienced symptoms of eye strain, including dryness, burning sensation, and blurred vision. 68.1% reported headaches or discomfort during or after screen usage. Musculoskeletal issues such as neck stiffness (59.4%) and shoulder discomfort (55%) were also prevalent. OWAS analysis confirmed that the majority of users exhibited moderate to high-risk postures, particularly while using mobile devices or laptops without ergonomic adjustments. Awareness of digital hygiene practices, such as the 20-20-20 rule or screen time breaks, was low among respondents. The findings highlight the growing health burden posed by digital fatigue among young screen users, exacerbated by lifestyle habits, poor ergonomics, and limited awareness. The study calls for urgent interventions in the form of structured awareness programs, digital wellness education, and workplace or academic ergonomics audits. Promoting preventive behaviour, proper posture, and regular eye care can significantly reduce the risk of long-term visual and musculoskeletal complications.

INTEGRATING AYURVEDA FOR COST-EFFECTIVE TYPE 2 DIABETES CONTROL : A CASE STUDY

Pradnya Prashant Karanjgaonkar — 2025-06-14

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, lifestyle-related metabolic disorder imposing significant health and financial burdens globally. This case study evaluates a Lifestyle Intervention Holistic (LIH) model incorporating Ayurvedic principles in a T2DM patient. Over 12 months, the intervention led to marked improvements in glycaemic control, reduced medication reliance, and enhanced quality of life, alongside a 96% reduction in medication costs. These results support the potential of Ayurveda-based LIH models as sustainable and cost-effective alternatives for diabetes management

SUSTAINABLE MENTAL HEALTH IN THE WORKPLACE: THE CRITICAL ROLES OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND WORKPLACE RESILIENCE

Nishtha Jaggi — 2025-06-14

The purpose of the present study is to analyse the impact of Emotional Intelligence and
Workplace Resilience on Sustainable Employee Mental Health in corporate settings. A sample
of 102 employees across industries was assessed using standardized questionnaires: the Wong
and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRISC), and the Job-related Affective Well-being Scale (JAWS). The results revealed a
significant positive correlation between Emotional Intelligence and Sustainable Employee
Mental Health (r = 0.465, p < 0.01). Similarly, Workplace Resilience demonstrated a positive
correlation with mental health (r = 0.398, p < 0.01). However, regression analysis indicated
that while Emotional Intelligence significantly predicted mental health (B = 0.870, p = 0.004),
Workplace Resilience did not have a statistically significant predictive impact (B = 0.280, p =
0.265). These findings suggest that Emotional Intelligence plays a crucial role in enhancing
employee well-being, whereas resilience alone may not be sufficient for sustaining mental
health. The study emphasizes the importance of EI training and mental health support programs
in organizations to foster a healthier and more resilient workforce. Further research is
recommended to explore additional workplace factors affecting Sustainable Employee Mental
Health.

EVALUATION OF LOW-DOSE TO HIGH-DOSE CT IMAGES USING AI AND DEEP LEARNING

Amit Bhupal Pattar — 2025-06-14

In clinical practice, Computed Tomography (CT) is indispensable for medical imaging. CT can deliver patient depicts in various dimensions. Low-dose CT occasionally produces impression with lesser resolution than standard CT, in spite of the reality that it may reduce the radiation hazards associated with CT scanning. In CT scanning, reducing the X-ray exposure the dosage can contribute to a significant deterioration in the clarity of the image, increasing the possibility of misinterpretation and missing diagnosis. The area of CT has repeatedly encountered substantial mathematical challenges, including reducing the radiation dose and developing images of outstanding quality to meet therapeutic diagnostic requirements. This paper discusses major objectives is to validate a reinforcement CT image denoising method for ultra-low-dose CT images. Neural network with convolutional auto-encoder and pairs of standard-dose CT and ultra-low-dose CT image patches were used for image denoising conventional CT image reconstruction approach with a benchmark outline, along with each one's benefits and drawbacks. A comprehensive description using artificial intelligence and machine learning applied to the Low Dose CT imaging process has been put forward. Furthermore, an experimental analysis utilizing the comparative result with an existing protocol has been assessed and evaluated based on the performance metrics using suitable simulators.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS: A REVIEW OF VAN ROOY AND VISWESVARAN’S (2004)

Megha Quini — 2025-06-14

This paper reviews the influential meta-analysis by Van Rooy and Viswesvaran (2004), which systematically examined the predictive validity and nomological net of emotional intelligence (EI). The study aimed to clarify the conceptual status of emotional intelligence (EI) in psychological literature by analyzing its relationship with cognitive intelligence, personality, and job performance. Using data from 69 studies involving over 7,000 participants, the authors found moderate correlations between emotional intelligence (EI) and both cognitive ability and personality traits. More importantly, EI showed incremental validity in predicting job performance beyond these traditional constructs. This review summarizes their methodology, key findings, and implications, and discusses the study’s relevance in the context of ongoing debates on EI's theoretical foundation and practical applications.

A STUDY ON BURNOUT AND JOB SATISFACTION IN DENTISTRY

Zeynep Basagaoglu Demirekin — 2025-06-14

Objective: This study aims to determine the burnout and job satisfaction levels of dentists working in Isparta province and examine whether these levels differ significantly in terms of various demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, type of institution, weekly working hours).

Method: The study was descriptive and cross-sectional. The study group consisted of 60 dentists actively working in Isparta province. The data were collected by an online survey using the Maslach Burnout and Job Satisfaction Scales. The data obtained were analyzed in the SPSS program; in addition to descriptive statistics, the differences in burnout and job satisfaction scores according to the demographic characteristics of the participants were evaluated with appropriate statistical tests.

Results: Emotional exhaustion score of the participants was found to be at a moderate level with 18.13, depersonalization score was found to be at a low level with 6.43, but close to the middle limit, and personal accomplishment score was found to be at a moderate level with 19.72. The job satisfaction score was high, with a mean of 65.58. In addition, significant differences were found according to some demographic variables such as type of organization and weekly working hours.

Conclusion: The study's findings revealed that while dentists experienced burnout at certain levels, they generally had high job satisfaction. The data obtained will contribute to a better understanding dentists' working conditions, developing strategies to prevent burnout, and planning structural arrangements and psychosocial support practices to increase professional satisfaction.

THE ROLE OF EARNED VALUE MANAGEMENT IN DRIVING COST AND SCHEDULE PERFORMANCE IN ENGINEERING PROJECTS

Neeraj Chauhan — 2025-06-14

Earned Value Management (EVM) project management technique is widely recognized and aims at the evaluation of cost, time, and scope of engineering projects’ general progress. This paper focuses on the importance of the Earned Value Management in improving cost and schedule performance, however, stressing on the potentiality in terms of predicting the results of project and the ways to manage it. This paper focuses on what is referred to as ‘Performance Measurement Baseline – Planned Value (PV), Earned Value (EV) and Actual Cost (AC). It also depicts how the application of these instruments will enable project managers to base their decisions on facts, increase efficiency in the rationing of resources and decrease project risks. The study also gives the details of challenges or limitations that architects face when implementing EVM in engineering interventions and ways of addressing such issues. The present work underscores the importance of EVM for project management stressing the ways in which this instrument can improve project performance and overcome time and cost constraints.

STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ADOLESCENT IDENTITY FORMATION

Neeraj Chauhan — 2025-06-16

Adolescence is a crucial stage in this formation of identity, and it is usually determined by interactions with relatives, peers, and cultural norms established in the society. However, with the advent of the social media a new dimension has been added to this phenomenon whereby young people have gotten unprecedented opportunities to articulate, discover and affirm themselves. Social media apps like Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, or Snapchat allow young people to present and construct their identities to a global audience, experimenting with different identities and receiving an immediate response of their peers. Even though the social media has the prospect of being the medium of empowerment, it also brings with it complications that make formation of stable and consistent self-identity difficult. The constant pressure to meet the unrealistic standards of beauty, the serious emotional consequences of online bullying, and the difficulties connected to the protection of personal privacy may all have a pernicious impact on the mental state and the overall well-being of the younger generation. This academic paper acknowledges the complex role of social media in adolescent identity formation by pointing out the numerous benefits that it can provide as well as the risks that are posed by its use. The study explore the complex psychological and social consequences of the use of social media platforms. It highlights the need to have a balanced approach to this, which means that young people must be equipped with the tools they need to navigating these virtual spaces responsibly. The goal here is to create an environment where young people may use social media as a positive tool of self-discovery, simultaneously minimizing its harmful effects.

URBANIZATION AND LAND USE CHANGE: A GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF JAIPUR CITY

Rekha Saini — 2025-06-17

Urbanization has become a rapid and irreversible process in the present era. Especially in developing countries like India, urbanization has had a profound impact not only on the population structure but also on the land use pattern. Jaipur city, the capital of Rajasthan, is a historic and rapidly developing city, which has witnessed a rapid increase in population and construction activities in the past decades. This change has changed the traditional land use pattern and created a situation of environmental imbalance. This study will analyze the trends of urbanization and the land use changes resulting from it, especially in the context of a historic and planned city like Jaipur city. This research will highlight the socio-economic impacts, environmental consequences and challenges associated with urban planning of this process, as well as propose possible solutions for sustainable urban development.

OPINION OF STUDENTS REGARDING THE RELEVANCE OF THE VALUES MENTIONED IN RAMACHARITMANAS IN NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 2020

Omvati Chaudhary — 2025-06-17

This research paper was to study the opinion of students regarding the moral values mentioned in Ramacharitmanas and their relevance in National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020). Survey method has been used in the present study. 150 boys and 150 girls have been selected for the sample. A self-made tool has been used to collect the data and the collected data has been analyzed by percentage. It is clear from the conclusion that most of the students find the values mentioned in Ramacharitmanas very necessary in modern education and their inclusion in NEP 2020 is relevant.

THE ROLE OF THE CURRENT SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN EDUCATING INDIA

Anu Choudhary — 2025-06-17

India's school education system has undergone significant transformations over the past two decades, aiming to address the diverse needs of its vast population. With initiatives like the Right to Education Act (RTE) of 2009, the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), and the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the country has made strides toward universalizing education and improving its quality. However, challenges persist, including disparities in access, quality, and infrastructure.

REGIONAL VARIATIONS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MARKETING STRATEGIES AMONG MSMES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FOOD PROCESSING UNITS IN JAMMU DISTRICT

Pranita Kohli — 2025-06-17

Micro, small, and medium-sized businesses (MSMEs) are an important part of economic growth and job creation in developing countries. MSMEs make up over 30% of India's GDP, 45% of its manufacturing output, and 40% of its total exports (Ministry of MSME, 2023). These businesses are very important for encouraging balanced growth in all parts of the country and for encouraging new ideas and business ownership. Food processing companies are a major part of the MSME sector. They connect agricultural productivity to consumer markets and create value along the supply chain (FAO, 2020).

STUDY OF AWARENESS OF TEACHERS TOWARDS NEW EDUCATION POLICY 2020

Sarita Sharma — 2025-06-17

The objective of the presented research work was to study the awareness of secondary school teachers towards New Education Policy 2020 in the following context. For this, survey method has been used. In the sample, 400 secondary level teachers of Jaipur district have been selected by random method, out of which 200 are government and 200 are non-government teachers. Self-made awareness scale (in the context of new education policy) was used to study the research problem. Mean, standard deviation and t-test have been used for data analysis in the research. In conclusion, it was found that there is no significant difference between teachers of government and non-government schools in terms of awareness towards New Education Policy 2020. There is no significant difference between teachers of urban and rural schools in terms of awareness towards the New Education Policy 2020.