CRISIS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND ENTREPRENEURIAL RESILIENCE OF TOURISM BUSINESS OPERATORS IN JAKARTA AMID COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v11.i12.2023.5421Keywords:
Tourism, Crisis Management, Entrepreneurial ResilienceAbstract [English]
The tourism and creative economy sectors in Indonesia have undergone notable growth over recent years, playing a pivotal role in bolstering the nation's revenue and contributing to the advancement of communities across the country. Jakarta, as the nation’s capital and the economic center, serves as the primary entry point for international tourists, supporting the overall growth of the tourism industry. Soekarno-Hatta Airport, aside from being an international aviation hub, facilitates access to various tourist destinations across Indonesia. The emergence of Covid-19 has triggered a global crisis and greatly disrupted the world economy. The WHO's declaration of a health emergency led to the implementation of multiple virus control measures, including lockdowns, social distancing protocols, and travel restrictions. Consequently, the tourism sector which heavily reliant on human mobility, experienced severe setbacks and become one of the hardest-hit industry. To endure such crises, businesses are required to adapt swiftly and adopt an entrepreneurial perspective to meet consumer needs amid uncertainty. This research aims to investigate the strategies for crisis management and the application of entrepreneurial resilience among Jakarta's tourism business operators in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. The study employs qualitative descriptive approaches, using semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis as data collection techniques. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders in the tour and travel and hospitality industry. Findings indicate that not all businesses have crisis mitigation procedures for the unexpected threats. Businesses are responding to this crisis by adapting, innovating, and seizing every opportunity to ensure their survivals.
Downloads
References
Kegiatan MICE di Indonesia Batal, Kerugian Rp 44,3 Triliun Halaman all - Kompas.com. (n.d.). Retrieved From 2023, November 11.
Aldao, C., Blasco, D., & Poch Espallargas, M. (2022). Lessons from COVID-19 for the Future: Destination Crisis Management, Tourist Behaviour and Tourism Industry Trends. Journal of Tourism Futures. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-02-2022-0059 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-02-2022-0059
Amankwah-Amoah, J., Khan, Z., Wood, G., & Knight, G. (2021). COVID-19 and Digitalization: The Great Acceleration. Journal of Business Research, 136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.08.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.08.011
Badan Pusat Statistik. (n.d.). Retrieved From 2023, November 11.
Barton, L. (1993). Crisis in Organization. Managing and Communication in Heat of Chaos. South Western Publishing Co.
Bong, S., Sugiarto, Lemy, D. M., Nursiana, A., & Arianti, S. P. (2019). Manajemen Risiko, Krisis, Dan Bencana Untuk Industri Pariwisata Yang Berkel... - Google Books. In PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research Methods - Alan Bryman - Google Books. In OUP Oxford.
COVID-19 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) Global research and innovation forum. (n.d.). Retrieved September 27, 2023, from
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). (n.d.). Retrieved From 2023, September 3.
Cró, S., & Martins, A. M. (2017). Structural Breaks in International Tourism Demand: Are they Caused by Crises or Disasters? Tourism Management, 63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.05.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.05.009
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2009). Qualitative Research. Yogyakarta: Pustakapelajar, 9(2), 139-160. Pustaka Pelajar. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794108098034
Devlin, E. S. (2020). Developing the Crisis Management Plan. In Crisis Management Planning and Execution. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203485897-12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203485897-12
Duarte Alonso, A., Kok, S. K., Bressan, A., O’Shea, M., Sakellarios, N., Koresis, A., Buitrago Solis, M. A., & Santoni, L. J. (2020). COVID-19, Aftermath, Impacts, and Hospitality Firms: An International Perspective. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102654 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102654
Dzingirai, M., & Ndava, R. (2021). Resilient Entrepreneurial Strategies Adopted by Zimbabwean Small and Medium Enterprises During Economic Crisis. In Cases on Small Business Economics and Development During Economic Crises. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7657-1.ch006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7657-1.ch006
Fink, S. (1993). Crisis Management, Planning for the Inevitable. Universe, Inc.
Informasi terbaru seputar penanganan COVID-19 di Indonesia oleh Pemerintah. | Covid19.go.id. (n.d.). Retrieved From 2023, November 25.
Iriantara, Y. (2004). Manajemen Strategis Public Relations. Ghalia Indonesia.
John, W. (n.d.). Creswell-Research Design_ Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches-SAGE Publications.
Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika. (n.d.). Retrieved From 2023, November 11.
Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif. (n.d.). Retrieved From 2023, November 10.
Koordinator, K. (n.d.). Laporan Kajian Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia.
Kuckertz, A., Brändle, L., Gaudig, A., Hinderer, S., Morales Reyes, C. A., Prochotta, A., Steinbrink, K. M., & Berger, E. S. C. (2020). Startups in Times of Crisis – A Rapid Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00169 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00169
Martens, H. M., Feldesz, K., & Merten, P. (2016). Crisis Management in Tourism – A Literature Based Approach on the Proactive Prediction of a Crisis and the Implementation of Prevention Measures. Athens Journal of Tourism, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.3-2-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.3-2-1
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis (2nd ed.). Sage.
Moleong, L. J. (2013). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Remaja Rosda Karya.
Morgan, H. (2022). Conducting a Qualitative Document Analysis. Qualitative Report, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2022.5044 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2022.5044
Neuman, W. L., & William, L. (n.d.). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches.
New Perspective on the Resilience of SMEs Proactive, Adaptive, Reactive from Business Turbulence: A Systematic Review. (2020). Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, XII(V). https://doi.org/10.37896/jxat12.05/1524 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37896/JXAT12.05/1524
Pambudi, A. S., Fikri Masteriarsa, M., Dwifebri, A., Wibowo, C., Amaliyah, I., Adhitya, D., & Ardana, K. (2020). Strategi Pemulihan Ekonomi Sektor Pariwisata Pasca Covid-19. Majalah Media Perencana, 1(1).
Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. Sage. (2015). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (M. Q. Patton, Ed.). Sage.
Ratten, V. (2020). Coronavirus and International Business: An Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Perspective. In Thunderbird International Business Review (Vol. 62, Issue 5). https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.22161 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.22161
Ritchie, B. W., & Jiang, Y. (2019). A Review of Research on Tourism Risk, Crisis and Disaster Management: Launching the Annals of Tourism Research Curated Collection on Tourism Risk, Crisis and Disaster Management. Annals of Tourism Research, 79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102812 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102812
Sharma, G. D., Thomas, A., & Paul, J. (2021). Reviving Tourism Industry Post-COVID-19: A Resilience-Based Framework. Tourism Management Perspectives, 37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100786 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100786
Sharma, P., Leung, T. Y., Kingshott, R. P. J., Davcik, N. S., & Cardinali, S. (2020). Managing Uncertainty During a Global Pandemic: An International Business Perspective. Journal of Business Research, 116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.026
Sugiyono, D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Tourism Crisis and Disaster Management in the Asia-Pacific. (2015). In Tourism Crisis and Disaster Management in the Asia-Pacific. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781780643250.0000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/9781780643250.0000
Weidemann, K. N. B. S. S. E. (2021). Self Employment and Entrepreneurship During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Yu, B., Chen, X., Rich, S., Mo, Q., & Yan, H. (2021). Dynamics of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Epidemic in Wuhan City, Hubei Province and China: a Second Derivative Analysis of the Cumulative Daily Diagnosed Cases During the First 85 Days. Global Health Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 5(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GLOHJ.2021.02.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glohj.2021.02.001
Zahra, S. A. (2021). International Entrepreneurship in the Post Covid World. Journal of World Business, 56(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2020.101143 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2020.101143
Zettel, L. A., & Garrett, R. P. (2021). Building Entrepreneurial Resilience Through Adversity. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2021(1). https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.10164abstract DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2021.10164abstract
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Lesca Terlly Libraveda, Lamtiur Hasianna Tampubolon, Heru Prasadja
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
With the licence CC-BY, authors retain the copyright, allowing anyone to download, reuse, re-print, modify, distribute, and/or copy their contribution. The work must be properly attributed to its author.
It is not necessary to ask for further permission from the author or journal board.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.