STAGING THE OCEAN: BELT AND ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE PERFORMANCE OF CHINESE MARITIME SOVEREIGNTY

Mansi Mishra; Jyoti  Bhoj; Miss Deepshikha  Tiwari

doi:10.29121/shodhkosh.v7.i10s.2026.8158

Authors

Dr. Mansi Mishra Assistant Professor Amity Institute of Liberal Arts Amity University Lucknow
Dr. Jyoti Bhoj Assistant Professor RICS School of built environment Amity University Noida.
Miss Deepshikha Tiwari Trainer (soft skills) Amity School of communication Enhansment and Transformation Amity University Lucknow

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v7.i10s.2026.8158

Keywords:

Bri, China, Visual, Sovereignty, Port

Abstract [English]

Growing maritime competition in 21st century has shifted the global power dynamics towards Asia. Indian Ocean remains the crucial part of influence for powers beyond regions. the current power game does not only concentrates on building the real power which gets showcased only in times of need. There is a need of constant portrayal and performance of that power in the creative and influential performative visuals. This paper investigates how China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) transcends economic and infrastructural dimensions to influence perceptions of maritime power and sovereignty in the Indian ocean region. It positions that ports and maritime corridors should not be viewed merely as strategic or commercial endeavors, but as visual and political performances through which states convey influence, authority and enduring presence. By analysing the case of Hambantota Port, the paper illustrates how architecture, spatial design, official ceremonies, and developmental imagery collectively construct a visible narrative of Chinese maritime expansion. The study employs concepts from critical security Studies to assert that infrastructure in the maritime sphere also serves a symbolic function. Ports, reclaimed coastal areas, and connectivity initiatives emerge as platforms for geopolitical aspirations. In this context, the BRI can be understood not only as a strategy of trade and connectivity, but also as an effort to visually establish legitimacy and influence across the region and beyond. The paper also highlights how narratives of modernization and cooperation often conceal deeper tensions relating to sovereignty, debt, and strategic dependence. By bringing together maritime security and visual-performance analysis, the study contributes to broader discussions on how power in contemporary international relations is communicated

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