STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AS A DRIVER OF SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

Abstract [English]

In increasingly complex, uncertain, and competitive business environments, organizations are compelled to seek sources of sustainable competitive advantage that extend beyond traditional tangible assets. Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) has emerged as a critical organizational capability that aligns human capital systems with long-term strategic objectives, thereby enabling sustained superior performance. Drawing primarily on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and complementary strategic management theories, this conceptual research article critically examines the role of SHRM in creating, developing, and sustaining competitive advantage. The article synthesizes extant literature to analyze how strategically aligned HR practices enhance workforce capabilities, organizational learning, innovation, and resilience. A comprehensive conceptual framework is proposed that links SHRM practices to sustainable competitive advantage through mediating organizational processes. The paper contributes to the strategic HRM literature by clarifying mechanisms through which HR systems generate value that is valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable. Implications for theory, practice, and future research are discussed.