ऋक्प्रातिशाख्य-वाजसनेयिप्रातिशाख्ययोस्तुलनात्मकं समीक्षणम्

Arpita Das; Laxminarayan Pandey

doi:10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i1.2024.6083

Authors

Arpita Das Department of Sanskrit, Mansarovar Global University, Sehore, M.P., India
Laxminarayan Pandey Department of Sanskrit, Mansarovar Global University, Sehore, M.P., India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i1.2024.6083

Keywords:

Concise Summary, Avataranika, Introduction to Rikpratishakhya, Introduction to Vajsaneyipratishakhya, Varnochcharana Vidhi of Ubhayapratishakhya, Comparative Review on Varnasamnaya-Varnochcharanavidhi of Ubhayapratishakhya, Conclusion, List of Abbreviations, Bibliography

Abstract [English]

Sanskrit is the oldest heart-grabbing language in the world, flawless, endowed with all the required rituals, endowed with all the parts of literature, poetry, dictionary, grammar and others. It is divided into two parts by the difference between Vedic and Sanskrit. Their Vedic language is the oldest. The sages have indeed explained the fourfold nature of the Vedas by distinguishing them from the Ṛg, Sāma, Yajur and Atharva Vedas.
According to the śruti, the sixfold Veda is to be studied and understood by a brāhmaṇa as the causeless religion, and the sixfold Veda is to be studied and understood. The limb is the name of the benefactor. These are the limbs that are known as the limbs. The things which help in understanding the nature of the Vedas are called the limbs. There are six parts of the Vedas. They are – Shiksha, Kalpa, Grammar, Nirukta, Chhanda and Jyoti. It is said that the education is the Kalpa, and the grammar is the Nirukta, and the chandas are the Vedas. There are also six parts of the Vedas called Jyotishamayana so far .
Although the Pratiśākhya does not appear to be included in the six Vedic literatures, it is safe to say that this work is as indispensable in the world of Vedic literature as the educational Vedic literature. The Pratiśākhya text also gives knowledge of the verse, syllable, pronunciation process, vowels, etc. of the Vedic mantra. There are many Pratishakhya texts according to the branches of the Prativeda. For example – a) Rigveda-Pratishakhya under the Shakala branch of the Rigveda b) Riktantra under the Kothuma branch of the Samaveda c) Taittiriyapratishakhya under the Taittiriya branch of the Krishna Yajurveda d) Vajsaneyipratishakhya under the Madhyandina branch of the Shukla Yajurveda e) Atharvaveda The four chapters of the Śaunakīya, etc.
Although there appears to be unity in the name, Pratiśākhya, the Vedas are separate. Therefore, the subject of this research paper is a comparative review of the Vajasaneyi Pratishakhya of the Madhyandina branch of the Shukla Yajurveda with the Rigveda Pratishakhya of the Shakala branch of the Rigvega.

Abstract [Hindi]

विश्वस्य प्राचीनतमा हृदयग्राहका, निरवद्या, सकलैरपेक्षितैः संस्कारैस्सम्पन्ना, साहित्य-काव्य-कोश-व्याकरणादि सर्वाङ्गैस्समन्विता अनादिकालतः काले काले परमात्मनावतीर्य संरक्षिता महोभिगौरवमण्डितास्ति संस्कृतभाषा । वैदिक-संस्कृतभेदेन सा द्विधा । तयोर्वैदिकभाषा एव प्राचीना । ऋक्-साम-यजुः-अथर्वभेदेन वेदस्य खलु चातुर्विध्यं प्रतिपादितमृषिभिः ।
ब्राह्मणेन निष्कारणो धर्मः षडङ्गो वेदोऽध्येयो ज्ञेयश्च इति श्रुतिवाक्यानुसारेण षडङ्गो वेदोऽध्येतव्यो ज्ञातव्यश्चेति । अङ्गं नामोपकारकः । अङ्ग्यन्ते ज्ञायन्ते अमीभिरिति अङ्गानि । यानि वस्तूनि वेदानां स्वरूपज्ञाने सहायकानि भवन्ति तान्यङ्गानि कथ्यन्ते । षड्वेदाङ्गानि तत्र सन्ति । तानि तु – शिक्षा-कल्प-व्याकरण-निरुक्त-छन्दः-ज्योतींषि चेति । उक्तम् - शिक्षा कल्पोऽथ व्याकरणं निरुक्तं छन्दसां च यः । ज्योतिषामयनं चैव वेदाङ्गानि षडेव तु ।। इति ।
यद्यपि षट्सु वेदाङ्गेषु प्रातिशाख्यस्यान्तर्भुक्तिर्न स्यात्तथापि ग्रन्थोऽयं वैदिकसाहित्यजगति शिक्षावेदाङ्गवदपरिहार्य इति निश्चप्रचं वक्तुं युज्यते । प्रतिशाख्यग्रन्थेनापि वेदमन्त्रस्य छन्दः-मात्रा-उच्चारणप्रकिया-स्वरादीनां ज्ञानं लभते । प्रतिवेदस्य शाखाभेदेन बहवः प्रातिशाख्यग्रन्थाः सन्ति । तद्यथा – क) ऋग्वेदस्य शाकलशाखान्तर्गतम् ऋग्वेद-प्रातिशाख्यम् ख) सामवेदस्य कोथुमशाखान्तर्गतम् ऋक्तन्त्रम् ग) कृष्णयजुर्वेदस्य तैत्तिरीयशाखान्तर्गतं तैत्तिरीयप्रातिशाख्यम् घ) शुक्लयजुर्वेदस्य माध्यन्दिनशाखान्तर्गतं वाजसनेयिप्रातिशाख्यम् ङ) अथर्ववेदस्य शौनकीया चतुरध्यायिका इत्यादयः ।
यद्यपि नाम्नि एकता दृश्यते प्रातिशाख्यम् इति तथापि वेदस्तु पृथक् पृथक् । अत एव आधारो यथा पृथक् तथा आधेयोऽपि पृथक् भवतीति कृत्वा ऋग्वेगस्य शाकलशाखान्तर्गतेन ऋग्वेद-प्रातिशाख्येन सह शुक्लयजुर्वेदस्य माध्यन्दिनशाखान्तर्गतस्य वाजसनेयिप्रातिशाख्यस्य वर्णसमाम्नाय-वर्णोच्चारणविधि-वर्णोच्चारणकालविषये तुलनात्मकसमीक्षा एवास्य गवेषणापत्रस्य विषय इति शम् ।।

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