THE RELEVANCE OF INTERSECTIONALITY IN GENDER STUDIES IN INDIA

Abstract [English]

Intersectionality is an analytical framework that recognizes the interconnectedness of various social identities, such as gender, race, class, caste, religion, and geography, and how these intersecting identities shape experiences of oppression and privilege. The intersectionality framework enables us to recognize social positions affected by multiple layers of adversity, as well as to pinpoint where privilege intersects. This approach helps us understand the complexities of social inequality and how various forms of oppression intersect with one another. By applying an intersectional lens to gender studies in India, we can better understand the interconnectedness of systems of oppression and discrimination that affect women's lives sone scholars have argued for a broader appreciation of the 3ways in which intersectionality can play out which include additive, multiplication and intersectional conceptualization. For e.g.: a women of a certain caste has the burden if the disadvantage of both her gender and her caste while the man of the same caste has similar caste experience but does not face the same gender-related challenges. This is an instance of the additive conceptualization intersectionality which resonates with scholars due the simplicity of deductions. But in policy making and specially dealing with the gender violence in India, it is important to employ an intersectional framework that recognizes the complex nature of discrimination and oppression faced by women from different social backgrounds. A rigid focus solely on gender without considering intersecting factors such as caste, class, religion, and geography can lead to limited understanding and ineffective solutions. Additionally lived experience of people on the intersection of various social disadvantages brings to light a more complex reality where instead of additive effect, disadvantages have a multiplication effect and privileges are deducted on the various rungs of social strata which may be further affected by gender. Furthermore, it is crucial to recognize that gender violence in India is not solely a result of gender discrimination or sexism, but also stems from other forms of discrimination such as caste-based violence, class inequalities, religious prejudices, and regional disparities.