STUDY OF THE DIRECTION OF HINDUS IN MUGHAL INDIA
मुगलकालीन भारत में हिन्दुओं की दिशा का अध्ययन
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i1.2024.2249Keywords:
Political Equality, Religious Tolerance, Poets, Philosophers, Jurists Etc. Of HindusAbstract [English]
The famous historian Sir Jadunath Sarkar says that "The criterion for testing the political system of any government is the effect it has on the economic and moral progress of the people during its rule." If we test the Mughal rule in India with this criterion, then we will have to say that it was a complete failure. During the short reign of Akbar, the economic and moral progress of the people was definitely made, but during the entire Mughal rule from 1556 to 1857 AD, the life of almost the entire Hindu population was miserable. From what the contemporary European traders and travelers and contemporary Muslim writers have written from time to time in this regard, it becomes clear that the Mughal rule was a curse for the Hindus and their life, their reputation and their property were not safe under the rule. In the words of historians, “The cause of all this destruction is Islamic fanaticism. When the rigid laws of Shariat are implemented to solve the complex problems of human government, then the unity and political equality of the people are destroyed and the people are forever divided into two parts. One of these parts is called Muslim and the other non-Muslim or Kafir.
Abstract [Hindi]
प्रसिद्ध इतिहासकार सर जदुनाथ सरकार का कहना है कि ‘‘किसी भी सरकार की राजनीतिक प्रणाली की परख का मापदण्ड यह है कि उसके शासनकाल में जनता की अधिक और नैतिक उन्नति पर उसका कैसा प्रभाव पड़ा है।’’ यदि हम इस मापदण्ड से भारत मुगल शासन का परीक्षण करें तो हमें कहना पडेगा कि यह बिलकुल ही असफल रहा अकबर के थोड़े-से शासनकाल में जनता की आर्थिक एवं नैतिक उन्नति अवश्य हुई थी, किन्तु 1556-1857 ई० तक सारे मुगल शासनकाल में लगभग सम्पूर्ण हिन्दू जनता का जीवन दुखमय रहा था। इस सम्बन्ध में समकालीन यूरोपीय व्यापारी और यात्री तथा समकालीन मुसलमान लेखकों ने समय-समय पर जो कुछ लिखा है, उससे यह स्पष्ट हो जाता है कि मुगल शासन हिन्दुओं के लिए एक अभिशाप था और शासन में उनका जीवन, उनकी प्रतिष्ठा और उनकी सम्पत्ति सुरक्षित नहीं थी। इतिहासकारों के शब्दों में, ‘‘इस सारे विनाश का कारण इस्लामी धर्मान्धता है। शरियत के कट्टर कानून जब मनुष्यों की सरकार की जटिल समस्याओं को सुलझाने के लिए लागू किये जाते हैं, तब जनता की एकता तथा राजनीतिक समानता नष्ट हो जाती है और जनता सदा के लिए दो भागों में बँट जाती है। इनमें से एक भाग मुसलमान और दूसरा गैर-मुसलमान अथवा काफिर कहलाने लगता है।
References
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Dr. Yadunath Sarkar: History of Aurangzeb, in 5 volumes, Publication, Calcutta, (114).
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Raghuvir Singh, Manohar Singh Ranawat, Shahjahanama, published by The Macmillan Company, (233)
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Gottlieb John Cohen; English translation, translated by Dr. Yadunath Sarkar, (54)
Ishwar Das: Futuhat-e-Alamgiri, by Ishwar Das Nagar, Sitamau, (78)
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Copyright (c) 2024 Ritesh Kumar Singh, Shagufta Parveen
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