ICLASS LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR TEACHING ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS DURING COVID 19 A LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY EPE CAMPUS CASE STUDY

 

Fadipe O.L ¹, Adedeji K.A ²,  Adefuye O.A ³ , Adebanjo S.A ⁴, Raji N.A ⁵

 

¹ Assistant Lecturer , Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lagos State University, Epe campus, Nigeria. Department of Industrial and System Engineering  Morgan State University Baltimore, Maryland,21251, United State

² Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lagos State University, Epe campus, Nigeria

³ Senior Lecturer, Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lagos State University, Epe campus, Nigeria

⁴ Lecturer I, Chemical Engineering Department, Lagos State University, Epe campus, Nigeria

⁵ Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Lagos State University, Epe campus, Nigeria

 

1. INTRODUCTION

The COVID-19 has devastatingly affected worldwide education. Educational institutes all around the world are compelled to quickly move from the conventional way of educating to an internet learning format. The COVID-19 pandemic circumstance has presented exceptional challenges requiring teachers to adjust to teaching online.

Simply for the advantages of academic headways, learning management framework (LMS) has been around being used in different nations all over the planet. However, it is met with its reasonable portion of obstacles. Acknowledgment of LMS is as yet sketchy, as apparent in a review led by Alghamdi and Bayaga, which showed an outright absence of specialized abilities among the more established age to receive its full rewards.  Sarwar et al. (2020).

ICT teams in the university should begin learning management systems (LMS) and foster a decent client relationship the board device for help. Many universities may not be prepared for the fall henceforth move to organizations with information and assets and earliest to try not to depend on the customary conveyance models in computerized and cutthroat occasions.  Nabukeera (2020)

König et al. (2020) presents that the COVID- 19 pandemic situation has just made visible what the consequences will be if schools fail to catch up with the fundamental ICT transformation process. Therefore, it will be crucial to provide learning opportunities in professional development for teachers and in training for future teachers.

Buckless and Ravenscroft (1990) studied the contrast coding a refinement of ANOVA in behaviour analysis. Reliance on the default coefficients of ANOVA is valid and beneficial for explor- atory research. As theories are developed and refined, however, researchers should develop explicit hypotheses regarding the form of the relationships between indepen- dent and dependent variables.

The COVID-19 pandemic has constrained establishments to move from conventional to online learning. Despite this, numerous public advanced education organizations do not have full admittance to online LMS. The research is an endeavour to explore the genuine utilization of online media for supporting formal, i.e., sole and official, scholastic correspondence in open advanced education in Egypt, utilizing the nine universities giving the travel industry and lodging single guy instruction as the contextual investigation Sarwar et al. (2020).

Estimated the quality of a prediction made by ANOVA or MLR seems much more doubtful than the prediction itself. Similar contradictory examples are constructed for the multivariable linear regression (MLR). However, for these constructions, it seems difficult to verify the Gauss–Markov assumptions, which are standardly required for MLR. Gurvich and Naumova (2021).

Shenoy et al. (2021) presented one way ANOVA is used to check the significance of observations obtained from model simulations with various combination of physics schemes hereafter termed as treatments. Results from ANOVA are reported with 90% confidence intervals and are deemed significant at p < 0.10.

In this study, Effective Dissemination of Engineering Mathematics by Iclass Learning Management System during Covid 19 a Lagos state University Epe Campus Case Study was conducted by the one-way ANOVA.

 

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS

Mathematics is the bedrock of science and engineering.  All undergraduate in Engineering are Compulsory to take Engineering Mathematics that is part of their curriculum in the BMASS by National Universities Commission. A Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaires (MLSQ) survey was administered to all students at the end of the course. A total of two hundred and twenty-six students partakes in the Questionnaire. It was developed by the google form for easy access by the student. The data analysis was done Using the Minitab statistical software. The One-way ANOVA at 5% significant level to determine the significant difference among the student level.

 

3. MODEL FOR THE DATA

 

                                               Equation 1

                                                                       

                                                                                                                   Equation 2

 

Where:

                                                                            

                                                                               

 

3.1. ANALYSIS OF THE FIXED EFFECTS MODEL

 

                                                                    Equation 3

 

                                                                              Equation 4

 

                                 Equation 5

 

                                                                                                             Equation 6

 

Where:

 

 

3.2. HYPOTHESIS

 

                                                                               Equation 7

 

                                                Equation 8

 

 

3.3. SUM OF SQUARES

3.3.1.  TOTAL SUM OF SQUARES

 

                                                                     Equation 9

 

                                                                                             Equation 10

                                                                                           Equation 11

                                                                                                                         Equation 12

                                                                                                                                 Equation 13

3.3.2.  SUM OF SQUARES OF TREATMENT

 

                                                                                                                              Equation 14

                                                                                                                       Equation 15

 

3.3.3.  SUM OF SQUARES OF ERROR

 

                                                               Equation 16

 

3.4. MEAN OF SQUARE

3.4.1.  MEAN OF SQUARE OF TREATMENT

 

                                                                      Equation 17

 

3.4.2.  MEAN OF SQUARE OF ERROR

 

                                                                                        Equation 18

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.5. F-VALUE

 

                                                                                         Equation 19

 

3.6. FISHER

 

                                                                                    Equation 20

 

Table 1

Table 1 Data for Analysis
Rate the Envivo Platform for Virtual Teaching
Level	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
200	24	11	16	18	25	8	11
300	4	1	9	14	12	5	4
400	5	3	8	10	18	9	11

 

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

From Table 2 Using a significance level of 5%, P>0.05 there is no significant difference in the level. The impact of the I class Learning Management System across each level of the student who participated in Courses is the same. The Platform Virtual Teaching

As shown in Figure 1, From the comparison of the pair of means, All the pair of mean, 300 vs. 200, 400 vs 200 and 400 vs 300 are not significantly different at 95% confidence intervals.

In the Figure 2, Residual Plot, the residual is not normally distributed, it is observed that all points are not closer to the straight line. This signifies that the assumptions are violated. There is some relationship between the size of the residuals and the fitted values. Also, there is the outlier in the residual plot. Thus, the assumptions are violated.

 

Table 2

Table 2 Analysis of Variance
Source	DF	Adj SS	Adj MS	F-Value	P-Value
Factor	2	1120	560.2	0.91	0.418
Error	21	12923	615.4
Total	23	14043

 

Figure 1

    

Figure 1 Fisher LSD Method and 95% Confidence

 

 Figure 2

Figure 2 Residual Plot

 

5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

In this study, Effective Dissemination of Engineering Mathematics by I class Learning Management System during Covid 19 a Lagos State University Epe Campus a Case Study. One-way ANOVA approach to analyse the result from the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaires. There is no variation in the mean across the various student’s level. The I class Learning Management System is good choice to teach engineering courses across any level for students.

 

REFERENCES

Buckless, F. A. and Ravenscroft, S. P. (1990).  Contrast Coding : A Refinement of ANOVA in Behavioral Analysis, Account. Rev, 65(4), 933, 1990. https://www.jstor.org/stable/247659

Gurvich, V. and Naumova, M. (2021). Logical contradictions in the one-way Anova and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons tests with more than two groups of observations, Symmetry (Basel) 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081387

König, J. Jäger-Biela, D. J.  And Glutsch, N. (2020).  Adapting to online teaching during COVID-19 school closure : teacher education and teacher competence effects among early career teachers in Germany, 43(4), 608-622. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1809650 

Nabukeera, N. (2020).  The COVID-19 and online education during emergencies in higher education, 8(5), 183-190. https://doi.org/10.14738/abr.85.8130

Sarwar, H.  et al. (2020). Self-Reported Effectiveness of e-Learning Classes during COVID-19 Pandemic : A Nation-Wide Survey of Pakistani Undergraduate Dentistry Students. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1717000

Shenoy, M. Raju, P. V. S. and Prasad, J. (2021). Optimization of physical schemes in WRF model on cyclone simulations over Bay of Bengal using one way ANOVA and Tukey's test 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02723-z

Sobaih, A. E. E.  Hasanein, A. M.  And Elnasr, A. E. A. (2020). Responses to COVID-19 in higher education : Social media usage for sustaining formal academic communication in developing countries, Sustain., 12(16), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166520