ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing ArtsISSN (Online): 2582-7472
Unlocking Expression: Art's Transformative Impact within the Walls of Mandoli Sub-Jail New Delhi (India) 1 Assistant
Professor, Department of Fine Arts, Saroop Rani Government College for Women,
Amritsar, Punjab, India
1. INTRODUCTION Background: The rehabilitation and reintegration of incarcerated individuals into society are important goals within the criminal justice system. Prisons often struggle with high recidivism rates and face numerous challenges in providing effective rehabilitation programs. Recognizing the transformative power of art, initiatives combining art therapy and skill development have emerged in correctional facilities worldwide. Research Objective: This research paper aims to explore the unique initiative implemented at Mandoli Sub-Jail, located in New Delhi, India Sunny (2017). The program introduces Madhubani art, a traditional Indian art form, to the inmates to promote their mental well-being, skill development, and social reintegration. The study aims to investigate the impact of this art therapy program on the lives of incarcerated individuals and examine the potential for replicating such initiatives in other correctional facilities. Methodology: The research methodology employed for this study involves a combination of qualitative research methods, including interviews, observations, and analysis of relevant documents. The researchers have closely interacted with the inmates, prison authorities, and program facilitators to gather firsthand insights into the Madhubani art program's implementation, challenges, and outcomes. The data collected will be analyzed to derive meaningful conclusions and recommendations for future implementations. By exploring the use of art therapy as a rehabilitation tool within the context of Mandoli Sub-Jail, this research paper seeks to highlight the transformative effects of Madhubani art on inmates. The findings of this study can provide valuable insights for policymakers, correctional authorities, and organizations interested in utilizing art to promote mental well-being, skill development, and social reintegration among incarcerated individuals. Figure 1
2.
Madhubani Art: An Overview Historical
Significance: Madhubani art, also known as Mithila painting, is a
traditional art form originating from the Mithila region of Bihar, India. It
has a rich historical and cultural significance, with roots dating back to
ancient times. Traditionally, Madhubani art was created by women on the walls
of their homes to celebrate auspicious occasions and depict mythological
stories. Over time, it evolved into a distinctive art style characterized by
its intricate detailing, vibrant colors, and use of
natural materials Karan (1984). Characteristics
and Techniques: Madhubani art is renowned for its eye-catching patterns,
bold outlines, and intricate geometric designs. It often depicts nature,
religious themes, and scenes from everyday life. Artists use natural dyes, such
as vegetable extracts and mineral pigments, to create the vibrant color palette characteristic of this art form. The
techniques involve using fine brushes made from twigs, fingers, and even
matchsticks to create precise lines and fillings. The art style is typically
divided into five distinctive styles: Bharni, Katchni,
Tantrik, Godna, and Kohbar. Cultural
Heritage: Madhubani art has been a form of creative expression and
a means of preserving cultural heritage and community identity. The art form
has been passed down through generations, with skills and techniques taught
within families and communities. In recent years, Madhubani art has gained
global recognition, with artists exhibiting their works internationally and
contributing to the cultural diversity of art forms. The unique cultural and artistic heritage of Madhubani art makes it a
compelling choice for introducing within correctional
facilities to foster creativity, skill development, and cultural
connection among inmates. 3.
Art Therapy and Rehabilitation in Prisons Theoretical
Framework: Art therapy is a form of expressive therapy that utilizes
the creative process of making art to promote psychological, emotional, and
social well-being Soape (2021). It is grounded in the
belief that engaging in artistic activities can have a therapeutic impact on
individuals, allowing them to explore their thoughts, emotions, and experiences
in a non-verbal and non-threatening manner. Art therapy incorporates various
theoretical frameworks, including psychoanalytic, humanistic, and cognitive-behavioral approaches, to address individuals' unique needs
and challenges within a therapeutic context Van Der Meulen & Omstead
(2021). Benefits of
Art Therapy: Art therapy has shown numerous benefits for individuals
within correctional settings Tucker & Luetz
(2023). It provides an outlet
for self-expression, allowing inmates to explore and communicate their
emotions, experiences, and aspirations Barlow (2021). Creating art can
serve as a form of stress relief, helping individuals cope with incarceration's
challenges and emotional strains. Moreover, art therapy enhances
problem-solving skills, improves self-esteem, and promotes personal growth and
self-reflection. It also fosters social interaction and communication,
encouraging inmates to develop empathy, respect, and teamwork Slayton (2010). Art Programs
in Correctional Facilities: Art programs have gained recognition as practical
tools for rehabilitation within correctional facilities
Hart (2023). These programs allow
inmates to engage in artistic activities, including painting, drawing,
sculpture, and other forms of creative expression. By participating in these
programs, inmates can develop artistic skills, explore their creativity, and
experience a sense of accomplishment Hu (2021). Art programs also
contribute to a positive prison environment, fostering a culture of creativity,
collaboration, and personal growth Kuzenko (2021). Additionally, these
programs can provide inmates with vocational skills to increase their
employability upon release Golay (2022). Art therapy within the prison context aligns with the principles of
rehabilitation and reintegration Shukla (2022). It provides a means
for inmates to express themselves, develop new skills, and rebuild their sense
of self and purpose Hewins (2023). By incorporating art
therapy programs, such as the introduction of Madhubani art in Mandoli Sub-Jail, correctional facilities can create
supportive environments that promote healing, personal growth, and positive
change among incarcerated individuals. 4.
Mandoli Sub-Jail: A Contextual Analysis In an innovative approach, some Tihar Jail convicts were allowed to paint
their new jail facility, Mandoli Jail No. 14,
alongside painters from a Delhi initiative Kamal (2018). Location and
Demographics: Mandoli Sub-Jail is in New
Delhi, the capital city of India. The jail serves as a correctional facility
for inmates awaiting trial or serving shorter sentences. The jail's location in
a bustling urban setting presents opportunities and challenges for implementing
rehabilitation programs. The inmate population in Mandoli
Sub-Jail represents a diverse range of socio-economic backgrounds, ages, and
offenses, reflecting the broader demographic composition of the city. Challenges
and Issues: Mandoli Sub-Jail faces various
challenges in promoting rehabilitation and reintegration, like many
correctional facilities. Overcrowding, limited resources, and a lack of
comprehensive rehabilitation programs pose significant obstacles to effective
inmate support. Additionally, inmates often experience mental health issues,
substance abuse problems, and a lack of access to education and vocational
training opportunities. These challenges highlight the pressing need for
innovative and impactful initiatives, such as the introduction of Madhubani
art, to address the multifaceted needs of the inmate population. Introduction
of Madhubani Art: To address these challenges and promote holistic
rehabilitation, the administrators of Mandoli
Sub-Jail introduced the Madhubani art program within the correctional facility.
This initiative aimed to provide inmates with a creative outlet, skill
development opportunities, and a sense of purpose. By bringing Madhubani art's
vibrant colors and rich cultural heritage to the
jail, the program sought to harness the therapeutic and transformative power of
artistic expression Thakur (2017). Implementing the Madhubani art program at Mandoli
Sub-Jail represents a proactive approach in utilizing art to promote
rehabilitation, mental well-being, and social reintegration. By incorporating
the region's unique cultural heritage into the program, the administrators
aimed to create an environment that fosters creativity, cultural connection,
and personal growth among the inmates. 5.
Implementation of Madhubani Art in Mandoli Sub-Jail Figure 2
Planning and
Collaboration: DSA held multiple meetings with the prison
administration to explore architectural concepts for the buildings, according
to Yogesh Saini, the founder of DSA (Delhi Street Artists) Art (2017). Ultimately, we
settled on a Madhubani-style composition since the Director General of Delhi
Prisons, Mr. Sudhir Yadav, loved the design utilising tribal art styles.
Implementing the Madhubani art program in Mandoli
Sub-Jail required careful planning and collaboration among various
stakeholders. Prison authorities, art therapists, local artists, and community
organizations came together to design and execute the program. A detailed plan
was developed, outlining the program's objectives, curriculum, and logistics.
The collaboration ensured the availability of necessary art supplies, training
resources, and ongoing inmate support Kamal (2018). Training and
Skill Development: Inmates participating in the Madhubani art program
received comprehensive training to develop their artistic skills Granados (2023). Local artists and art
therapists conducted workshops and training sessions, teaching inmates the
techniques, history, and cultural significance of Madhubani art Art (2017). Through hands-on
practice, inmates honed their brushwork, pattern-making,
and color application skills. The training focused on
artistic techniques and emphasized the therapeutic aspects of art, encouraging
self-expression and emotional exploration Darani (2023). Figure 3
Artistic
Expression within the Prison: Implementing the Madhubani art program provided
inmates with regular opportunities to engage in artistic expression. Dedicated
spaces within the prison were allocated as art studios, where inmates could
work on their creations Morris (2022). Regular art sessions
were scheduled, allowing inmates to explore their creativity, work on
individual or collaborative projects, and express their thoughts and emotions
through art. Inmates were encouraged to choose themes that resonated with them,
allowing for personal expression and a sense of ownership over their artwork. Engagement
and Participation: The Madhubani art
program incorporated various activities and events to promote engagement and
participation. Art exhibitions and showcases were organized within the prison by
DSA, where inmates could display their artwork to fellow inmates, prison staff,
and visitors. Art competitions and workshops were also conducted, fostering
healthy competition and camaraderie among the participants. In addition, the
program encouraged inmates to create art pieces for public display, facilitating
a connection with the broader community and promoting social reintegration. Implementing the Madhubani art program in Mandoli
Sub-Jail exemplifies a structured and participatory approach. The program aimed
to empower inmates, foster their artistic skills, and nurture a positive prison
environment by providing training, dedicated spaces, and opportunities for
artistic expression. The engagement and participation of inmates played a
crucial role in the program's success, enabling them to experience personal
growth, skill development, and a sense of purpose within the prison walls. 6.
Impact of Madhubani Art on Inmates Psychological
Well-being: The Madhubani art program significantly impacted the
psychological well-being of the inmates at Mandoli
Sub-Jail. Engaging in art therapy provided a therapeutic outlet for emotional
expression and helped inmates cope with the stresses and challenges of
incarceration. Creating art allowed them to explore their thoughts, feelings,
and experiences non-judgmentally and nonverbally. Many inmates reported
experiencing a sense of calmness, reduced anxiety, and increased self-awareness
through their engagement with Madhubani art. The program served as a form of
psychological healing, contributing to improved mental well-being among the
participants. Skill
Enhancement and Empowerment: The Madhubani art program provided inmates with
skill development and empowerment opportunities. Through the training and
practice of Madhubani art techniques, inmates acquired artistic skills,
improved their brushwork, and developed a sense of craftsmanship. The program
fostered creativity and enhanced problem-solving abilities, attention to
detail, and patience. These skills empowered inmates, boosting their
self-confidence and instilling a sense of accomplishment. Many inmates
expressed a newfound belief in their capabilities, seeing themselves as artists
with valuable skills. Social
Reintegration: The Madhubani art program was crucial in facilitating
social reintegration among the inmates. The program's collaborative nature
encouraged teamwork, cooperation, and mutual support among participants.
Inmates worked together on group projects, fostering a sense of community and
camaraderie. The art exhibitions and showcases within the prison provided
inmates a platform to share their artwork with fellow inmates, prison staff,
and visitors. This boosted their self-esteem and allowed them to receive
recognition and appreciation for their creative abilities. Moreover, inmates
had the opportunity to create art pieces for public display, forging
connections with the broader community and challenging negative stereotypes
associated with incarceration. Inmate
Perspectives: The impact of the Madhubani art program can be best
understood through the inmates' perspectives. Many inmates experienced
gratitude for the opportunity to engage in art therapy, describing it as a
transformative experience that brought them joy, hope, and a sense of purpose.
They highlighted the positive impact on their mental well-being, personal
growth, and skill development. Inmates reported feeling a renewed sense of
identity, self-worth, and belief in their capacity for change. Furthermore,
they expressed optimism about their prospects, with some even considering
pursuing art-related careers upon release. The Madhubani art program profoundly impacted the inmates at Mandoli Sub-Jail, positively influencing their
psychological well-being, skill development, and social reintegration. By
harnessing the therapeutic power of art, the program empowered inmates,
instilled a sense of hope, and provided them with valuable tools for personal
growth and rehabilitation. 7.
Challenges and Lessons Learned Institutional
Barriers: Implementing the Madhubani art program in Mandoli
Sub-Jail encountered various institutional barriers. Limited resources,
logistical constraints, and bureaucratic processes posed challenges to the
smooth execution of the program. The prison administration faced difficulties
providing consistent and adequate art supplies, dedicated spaces, and training
resources. Overcoming these institutional barriers required proactive
problem-solving, collaboration with external partners, and advocating for the
importance of the program within the prison system. Sustainability
and Funding: Ensuring the long-term sustainability of the Madhubani
art program posed a significant challenge. Securing funding for art supplies,
training sessions, and program facilitation required ongoing efforts.
Sustaining the program beyond the initial stages necessitated strategic
planning, seeking external funding sources, and establishing partnerships with
governmental and non-governmental organizations. The financial sustainability
of such art therapy programs in correctional facilities
remains critical and requires attention and support. Community
Perception: The introduction of the Madhubani art program in Mandoli Sub-Jail faced initial skepticism
and challenges in community perception. Some community members held
preconceived notions about the abilities and potential of incarcerated
individuals. Overcoming these prejudices required community outreach, awareness
campaigns, and public showcases of the inmates' artwork. The program aimed to
challenge stereotypes, promote empathy, and foster community support for the
rehabilitation efforts within the correctional facility. Lessons
Learned: The implementation of the Madhubani art program in Mandoli Sub-Jail provided valuable lessons for similar
initiatives in correctional facilities: ·
Collaborative Approach: Collaborating with
diverse stakeholders, including prison authorities, art therapists, local
artists, and community organizations, is essential for the success of such
programs. ·
Comprehensive Planning: Thorough planning,
including curriculum development, resource allocation, and logistical
arrangements, ensures the smooth execution of the program. ·
Addressing Institutional
Barriers: Identifying and addressing institutional barriers, such as limited
resources and bureaucratic processes, requires proactive problem-solving and
advocacy. ·
Sustainable Funding: Establishing
sustainable funding mechanisms and partnerships with external organizations are
crucial for the long-term sustainability of art therapy programs in correctional facilities. ·
Community Engagement: Engaging the community
through outreach, awareness campaigns, and public showcases helps challenge
stereotypes, build support, and promote the social reintegration of inmates. These lessons can inform future implementations of art therapy programs in correctional facilities, enhancing their effectiveness and
impact on inmate rehabilitation and reintegration efforts. 8.
Case Study: Success Stories The artists from Delhi Street Art (DSA) who have been actively involved in
collaboration with the inmates of Mandoli Jail
deserve recognition for their dedication and contribution to this
transformative initiative. Some notable artists from DSA who have played a
crucial role in this project include: 1)
Yogesh Saini: Yogesh Saini is a renowned artist and the founder
of Delhi Street Art. He has been instrumental in bringing together a collective
of talented artists and spearheading various socially relevant art projects.
His passion for art and commitment to positively impacting society have
inspired many others to join the cause. 2)
Hanif Kureshi: Hanif Kureshi is a gifted artist known for his
vibrant and captivating murals. With his exceptional talent, he has created
mesmerizing Madhubani-inspired artworks on the walls of Mandoli
Jail. His attention to detail and ability to breathe life into the artwork has
made a lasting impression on the prison environment. 3)
Shweta Singh: Shweta Singh is an
accomplished artist who has significantly contributed to the DSA and the
collaboration with Mandoli Jail. Her expertise in
Madhubani art and her commitment to promoting social change through art have
been invaluable in guiding the inmates and transforming the prison walls. 4)
Akshat Nauriyal: Akshat Nauriyal is a talented artist whose creative prowess has
brought a new dimension to the Madhubani art project at Mandoli
Jail. His unique style and ability to merge traditional elements with
contemporary concepts have resulted in visually striking murals that have
captivated inmates and visitors alike. 5)
Ruchi Goel: Ruchi Goel is a passionate artist whose dedication to
her craft is evident in her beautiful Madhubani-inspired artworks. With her
artistic skills and patience, she has mentored the inmates and encouraged them
to explore their artistic abilities. Her guidance has played a vital role in
nurturing creativity and fostering a positive environment within the prison. These are just a few of the talented artists from Delhi Street Art who
collaborated with Mandoli Jail inmates to create the
magnificent Madhubani art project. Their commitment, skill, and belief in the
transformative power of art have brought beauty to the prison walls, instilled
hope, and provided a platform for personal growth and rehabilitation for the
inmates involved. Yogesh Saini:
the founder of Delhi Street Art (DSA), holds a unique perspective on the
collaboration between the inmates of Mandoli Jail and
the artists from DSA. As a passionate advocate for art as a tool for social
change, Yogesh Saini believes in the transformative power of artistic
expression and its positive impact on individuals and communities.According to Yogesh Saini, the collaboration with the inmates of Mandoli Jail represents an opportunity to bring art to a
space often associated with confinement and negativity. He believes that art
has the potential to break down barriers and inspire personal growth, and this
collaboration serves as a testament to that belief. Yogesh Saini views the
project as empowering the inmates, providing them with a platform to express
themselves and discover their artistic talents. He recognizes the
transformative impact of engaging in creative activities on individuals,
fostering a sense of purpose, self-worth, and hope. Moreover, Yogesh Saini sees collaboration as a way to
challenge societal perceptions and stereotypes associated with inmates. By
showcasing the artistic skills and creativity of the inmates, the project aims
to break the stigma surrounding incarceration and highlight the potential for
rehabilitation and change. Yogesh Saini is also aware of the broader impact
that the project can have beyond the prison walls. He believes that the vibrant
Madhubani art created by the inmates can captivate and inspire visitors,
promoting dialogue and raising awareness about the rehabilitative potential of
art in correctional settings. Additionally, Yogesh Saini recognizes the significance of the collaborative
aspect of the project. By bringing together artists from DSA and inmates from Mandoli Jail, the project fosters a sense of community,
empathy, and understanding. It promotes positive interactions, breaks down
social barriers, and creates an environment where individuals can learn from
one another and grow together. Overall, Yogesh Saini's perspective on the collaboration between the
inmates of Mandoli Jail and DSA highlights the
transformative potential of art and the importance of providing opportunities
for self-expression and growth. He believes in the inherent artistic abilities
of every individual, regardless of their circumstances, and sees art as a
powerful means to foster personal development, rehabilitation, and social
change. Hanif Kureshi: a talented artist from Delhi Street Art (DSA), shares his profound experience of collaborating with the inmates of Mandoli Jail in the transformative art project. For Hanif, this initiative goes beyond mere artistic expression; it is an opportunity to make a lasting impact on the lives of individuals who have found themselves within prison walls. Hanif deeply admires the inmates' willingness to explore their artistic
abilities and engage in the creative process. He acknowledges the challenges
they face in the prison environment and believes that art provides them with
escape and self-discovery. Witnessing their dedication and commitment to the
project, Hanif is inspired by their resilience and their desire to bring beauty
and positivity to their surroundings. According to Hanif, the collaborative process itself has been incredibly
rewarding. He emphasizes that art transcends barriers and facilitates
connections between people from different walks of life. Through painting
together, Hanif has witnessed a sense of unity and camaraderie emerging among
the inmates and the artists from DSA. The project has fostered an environment
of mutual respect and understanding where everyone's contributions are valued
and celebrated. Hanif also shares his observations about the transformative power of art in
the lives of inmates. Engaging in the creation of Madhubani art has allowed
them to tap into their creativity, express their emotions, and find solace
within the confines of the prison. He believes that art has a therapeutic
effect, offering a form of release and self-expression that can profoundly
impact one's mental and emotional well-being. Through this project, Hanif has witnessed firsthand the potential for
personal growth and rehabilitation art can offer. He highlights the importance
of providing opportunities for inmates to develop new skills and explore their
artistic talents to empower them and prepare them for a better future beyond
prison walls. Moreover, Hanif believes that the impact of the art project extends beyond
the inmates themselves. The vibrant Madhubani art adorning the prison walls is
a source of inspiration and positivity for everyone who encounters it. It
challenges societal perceptions of prisoners and highlights the potential for
transformation and redemption. Hanif hopes that the artwork will spark
conversations, raise awareness, and inspire others to recognize the value of
art in promoting social change and rehabilitation. In conclusion, Hanif Kureshi's experience collaborating with the inmates of
Mandoli Jail has been a profound inspiration and
personal growth. He sees art as a powerful catalyst for positive change,
offering inmates a means of self-expression, healing, and personal development.
By participating in this transformative art project, Hanif and the inmates have
created visually stunning artwork and fostered an environment of unity,
empathy, and hope within the prison walls. Shweta Singh: an accomplished artist from Delhi Street Art (DSA), shares her transformative experience of collaborating with the inmates of Mandoli Jail. This initiative has been an opportunity for Shweta to use her expertise in Madhubani art to empower and inspire individuals within the prison system. Shweta describes the experience as a journey of discovery and growth for
herself and the inmates. She expresses her admiration for the inmates'
willingness to learn and their dedication to the art project. Witnessing their
artistic talents unfold, and their confidence blossom has been a gratifying
experience for Shweta. Through her interactions with the inmates, Shweta has observed the
therapeutic benefits of art. She believes art can heal, uplift spirits, and
provide a sense of purpose. Seeing the inmates find solace and express their
emotions through the medium of Madhubani art has further solidified her belief
in the transformative power of artistic expression. Shweta also highlights the impact of the collaborative process on fostering
a sense of community and belonging among the inmates. The shared creative endeavor has broken down barriers and created a safe space
for individuals to express themselves without judgment. Witnessing the support
and encouragement the inmates have given to one another has reinforced her
belief in the power of art to foster empathy and connection. Overall, Shweta's experience collaborating with the inmates of Mandoli Jail has been one of personal and artistic growth.
She has witnessed the transformative power of art firsthand and believes in its
potential to bring about positive change and rehabilitation. Through her work
with the inmates, Shweta has seen the power of creativity to transcend
circumstances and ignite hope and self-discovery within individuals seeking a
path toward personal growth and redemption. 9.
Conclusion Implementing the Madhubani art program in Mandoli
Sub-Jail exemplifies the transformative power of art therapy within the
correctional system. The program's introduction of Madhubani art as a means of
promoting mental well-being, skill development, and social reintegration has
significantly impacted the inmates' lives. Through engagement in artistic
expression, inmates experienced psychological healing, personal growth, and a
renewed sense of purpose. The success stories of inmates who participated in the program highlight
the positive outcomes of art therapy, including improved self-esteem, skill
enhancement, and opportunities for employment and social reintegration. By
fostering creativity, collaboration, and cultural connection, the Madhubani art
program provided inmates with self-expression, challenged negative stereotypes,
and promoted empathy within the prison community. The challenges and lessons learned from implementing the Madhubani art
program emphasize the importance of collaborative partnerships, long-term
planning, sustainability, and evaluation. By addressing institutional barriers
and seeking external support, correctional facilities
can create supportive environments that promote healing, skill development, and
personal growth among incarcerated individuals. The findings of this research paper contribute to the growing body of
knowledge on the role of art therapy in promoting rehabilitation and
reintegration within the criminal justice system. The Madhubani art program
serves as a model for future art therapy initiatives, showcasing the potential
for art to inspire positive change and empower individuals behind bars. As correctional facilities worldwide continue to explore innovative approaches to rehabilitation, integrating art therapy programs should be considered an essential component. By recognizing the transformative power of art and harnessing its potential, correctional institutions can create environments that promote healing, skill development, and social reintegration, ultimately contributing to the overall well-being and successful reintegration of incarcerated individuals.
CONFLICT OF INTERESTS None. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS None. REFERENCES Art, D. S. (2017, February 27). Barlow, C. S. (2021). Mitigating Over-Isolation: Art Therapy in Prisons Program During COVID-19. Art Tharapy, 39, 71-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2021.2003679 Darani, S. A. (2023). Addressing the Mental Health Needs of Inmates Through Education for Correctional Officers-A Narrative Review. The Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 43(3), 247-253. https://doi.org/10.1097/CEH.0000000000000484 Golay, D. D. (2022). Treatment of Mental Disorders in Prisons. Revue Medicale Suisse, 18(789), 1345-1348. https://doi.org/10.53738/REVMED.2022.18.789.1345 Granados, L. S.-P. (2023). Effectiveness of a Program for the Development of Socio-Emotional Competences in People Admitted to a Penitentiary Center. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1116802 Hart, M. S.-P. (2023). Expanding the IDEA: Ongoing- and Evolving-Evaluation of an Art Therapy in Prisons Program. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X231213313 Hewins, H. (2023). Art Therapy, Intersectionality and Services for Women in the Criminal Justice System. International Journal of Art Therapy, 28, 74-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/17454832.2023.2175001 Hu, J. Z. (2021). Art Therapy: A Complementary Treatment for Mental Disorders. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.686005 Kamal, A. (2018, Jan 22). Asif Kamal Blog. Retrieved From The Asif Kamal: Karan, P. P. (1984). Landscape, Religion and Folk Art in Mithila: An Indian Cultural Region. Journal of Cultural Geography, 5(1), 85-101. https://doi.org/10.1080/08873638409478563 Kuzenko, P. K. (2021). Use of Arttherapy Techniques in Pedagogical Accompaniment of Children with Special Educational Needs. Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 8, 141-147. https://doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.8.1.141-147 Morris, M.-H. (2022). Performing Arts in Prisons: Creative Perspectives, Michael Balfour, Brydie-Leigh Bartleet, Linda Davey, John Rynne and Huib Schippers (eds) (2019). Drama Tharapy Review. https://doi.org/10.1386/dtr_00100_5 Shukla, A. C. (2022). Role of Art Therapy in the Promotion of Mental Health: A Critical Review. Cureus, 14. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.28026 Slayton, S. C. (2010). Outcome Studies on the Efficacy of Art Therapy: A Review of Findings. Art Therapy, 27(3), 108-118. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2010.10129660 Soape, E. B. (2021). Creative IDEA: Introducing a Statewide Art Therapy in Prisons Program. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 66, 1285-1302. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X211013731 Tucker, S. &. Luetz, J. M. (2023). Art Therapy in Australian Prisons: A Research Agenda. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X231165350 Van Der Meulen, E. & Omstead, J. (2021). The Limits of Rehabilitation and Recidivism Reduction: Rethinking the Evaluation of Arts Programming in Prisons. The Prison Journal, 101(1), 102–122. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885520978477
Dear Editor, I am writing to address a matter regarding the references cited in my
recently submitted article, titled “Unlocking Expression: Art's Transformative
Impact within the Walls of Mandoli Sub-Jail New Delhi
(India) “. Throughout the research process for my article, I dedicated significant
time and effort to studying the books and materials referenced in my article's
bibliography. It is important to emphasize that I did not directly reproduce
any lines or content verbatim from these sources. Instead, I utilized the
knowledge and understanding I gained from these references to shape the ideas,
arguments, and insights presented in my article. The purpose of referencing these materials was to provide a foundation for
my own analysis and conclusions. I believe in giving credit where it is due,
and I aimed to do so by utilizing the concepts and insights presented by the
authors of the references I consulted. I want to clarify that I did not copy
sentences or words directly from these sources; rather, I synthesized the key
ideas and concepts to build a comprehensive understanding of the subject
matter. In my article, I have made sure to express gratitude to these authors for
their contributions. I want to acknowledge that their works played a vital role
in shaping my perspective and enhancing the quality of my article. It is my
intention to honor their scholarly efforts by
properly attributing their ideas and insights to their respective sources. I understand the importance of maintaining the integrity of academic
discourse and ensuring that proper credit is given to those who have
contributed to a particular field of study. I assure you that I have taken
utmost care to avoid any misrepresentation or plagiarism, and I have strived to
maintain the highest ethical standards in my research and writing process. I kindly request your understanding and support in clarifying this matter
to any concerned parties. If any further steps are required from my end, please
do not hesitate to inform me. I appreciate your attention to this issue and the
opportunity to address it. Thank you for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Jyoti Assistant Professor, S.R. Government College for Women, Amritsar
© ShodhKosh 2024. All Rights Reserved. |